Hi
the screen gives 3 colums - Year, Subject and the boxes to put your marks in. You can get the cursor to blink into any of the mark boxes - it will let you submit - then it tell you "warning - you have less than 10 units"....duhhhh!!
Cl2 went from 0.12 to 0.08 = drop of one third
CO went from .06 to .04 = a drop of one third
COCl2 went from .03 to .02 = a drop of one third
This is because the volume of the container was reduced by one third
It doesnt' matter that citiric acid is weak and doesn't fully ionise - when you do a titration this continually disturbs the equilibrium between the acid molecules and the ions, pulling the equilib to the right every time you add more base - so eventually all three acidic protons are removed...
Acid 1 is strong (check equivalence point pH = 7))
Acid 2 is weak (EP pH = approx 9)
Acid 2 needed more KOH for neutralisation so it is more concentrated than Acid 1
You pick an indicator which has an end point colour change as close to the equivalence point pH as possible...
Tin plated steel cans are still used to hold food (as well as polymer coated cans) - so couldn't the questions have also wanted you to talk about the relatively low activity of tin so it doesn't react with most food - but the problem of the tin surface being broken to expose the steel...
Aslo from the Hunter Water site.....
"Grahamstown TP
Grahamstown water is treated by a conventional filtration process. The plant has a peak supply capacity of 265 megalitres per day and is Hunter Water’s largest water treatment plant.
Coagulation is achieved by the addition of alum and...
This comes from the Hunter Water web site....
"Dungog TP
The Dungog plant currently provides a peak supply capacity of 90 megalitres per day and treats water from Chichester Dam.
Dungog Water Treatment Plant uses a direct filtration method.
Alum and polyelectrolyte are rapidly mixed...
2009 HSC
1. C
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. C
10.B
11.D (don't like question as pH adjustment can also be done to assist with flocculation)
12.A
13.B
14. B
15. A
I didn't think that they were too tricky
As usual - stupid mutli-step calculations question worth 1 mark...